SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING

Posted on | By Kalyan Bora

SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING

WHAT IS SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING?

  • 📊 What does service or operating costing entail, and how is it utilized in cost accounting for service-oriented businesses?

Definition and Purpose

  • 🎯 WHAT IS SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING?
    • Service or operating costing is a cost accounting method used to determine the cost of providing services or operating departments within an organization.
  • 💼 WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING?
    • The primary purpose is to accurately determine the cost of delivering services, assess the profitability of service lines or departments, and make informed decisions about resource allocation, pricing strategies, and performance evaluation.

Cost Components

  • 🏢 WHAT ARE THE MAIN COST COMPONENTS INCLUDED IN SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING?
    • Cost components may include direct costs, such as labor and materials directly attributable to service provision, as well as indirect costs, such as overhead expenses related to support functions and administrative overhead.
  • 📈 HOW ARE INDIRECT COSTS ALLOCATED IN SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING?
    • Indirect costs may be allocated to service departments or cost centers using allocation bases such as labor hours, square footage, or number of transactions, depending on the nature of the service activities and cost behavior.

Service Cost Allocation

  • 📊 HOW ARE SERVICE COSTS ALLOCATED TO INDIVIDUAL SERVICES OR OPERATING DEPARTMENTS?
    • Service costs are allocated based on the usage or consumption of resources by each service or department, using appropriate allocation bases that reflect the drivers of cost incurrence.
  • 🎯 WHAT ARE SOME COMMON METHODS USED FOR ALLOCATING SERVICE COSTS?
    • Common methods include the direct method, step-down method, and reciprocal method, each of which has advantages and limitations depending on the complexity of the organization’s cost structure.

Performance Evaluation and Decision Making

  • 🏢 HOW DOES SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING INFORM PERFORMANCE EVALUATION AND DECISION MAKING?
    • Service costing provides managers with valuable information about the cost of providing services, enabling them to evaluate the profitability of service lines, identify areas for cost reduction or efficiency improvements, and make informed decisions about resource allocation and pricing strategies.
  • 📈 WHAT ARE SOME KEY PERFORMANCE METRICS USED IN SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING?
    • Key performance metrics may include cost per unit of service, revenue per service, contribution margin, and service line profitability, which help assess the financial health and effectiveness of service operations.
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Integration with Cost Management

  • 📊 HOW DOES SERVICE OR OPERATING COSTING INTEGRATE WITH COST MANAGEMENT?
    • Service or operating costing is integral to cost management efforts, providing businesses with insights into the cost structure of service activities, identifying opportunities for cost optimization, and supporting strategic decision-making to enhance profitability and operational efficiency.
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  • MARGINAL COSTING VS. ABSORPTION COSTING

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  • ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING

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  1. DIFFERENT BUDGET APPROACHES
  2. ZERO-BASED BUDGETING (ZBB)
  3. PERFORMANCE BUDGETING
  4. RESPONSIBILITY CENTERS
  5. STANDARD COSTING
  6. CONCEPTS, USES, SETTING OF STANDARD COST ACCOUNTING METHODS
  7. COMPUTATION OF SIMPLE COST VARIANCES
  8. RELATIONSHIP WITH BUDGETARY CONTROL
  9. KAIZEN
  10. APPLICATION, IDENTIFICATION OF COST UNIT, DETERMINATION, AND CONTROL
  11. MARGINAL COSTING AND BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS
  12. BASIC CONCEPTS
  13. MARGINAL COSTING VS. ABSORPTION COSTING
  14. COST-VOLUME-PROFIT ANALYSIS
  15. BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS AND ITS LIMITATIONS
  16. BUDGETING
  17. ACTIVITY-BASED COSTING
  18. PROCESS COSTING
  19. JOINT PRODUCTS AND BY-PRODUCTS
  20. UNIT COSTING AND MULTIPLE COSTING
  21. JOB, BATCH, AND CONTRACT COSTING
  22. ADMINISTRATION, SELLING, AND DISTRIBUTION OVERHEADS: ANALYSIS, ACCOUNTING, CONTROL
  23. DIRECT EXPENSES: NATURE, COLLECTION, CLASSIFICATION
  24. FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING
  25. PRODUCTION OVERHEADS: COLLECTION, APPORTIONMENT, ABSORPTION
  26. LABOR COSTS: REMUNERATION METHODS AND TURNOVER
  27. OVERHEADS: NATURE, COLLECTION, CLASSIFICATION
  28. DIFFERENCES FROM MANAGEMENT AND COST ACCOUNTING
  29. COST CONCEPTS AND CLASSIFICATION
  30. COST CENTRE AND COST UNIT
  31. ELEMENTS OF COST
Category: MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING AND CONTROL
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