🌐 DNS (Domain Name System)

  • The Domain Name System (DNS) is a decentralized hierarchical naming system that translates human-readable domain names into numerical IP addresses, which computers use to identify and communicate with each other over the Internet.

  • DNS serves as a distributed database containing records, known as DNS records, that map domain names to their corresponding IP addresses.

Key components of the DNS system include:

  • 🔄 DNS Resolver: Responsible for initiating and processing DNS queries on behalf of client devices. Resolvers communicate with DNS servers to resolve domain names into IP addresses and cache the results for future use.
  • 🖥️ DNS Server: Specialized computers or network devices that store DNS records and respond to DNS queries. Types include authoritative DNS servers, recursive DNS servers, and caching DNS servers.
  • 📝 DNS Record Types: Contains information associated with domain names and their corresponding IP addresses. Common types include A Record, AAAA Record, CNAME Record, MX Record, NS Record, and TXT Record.
  • 🌳 DNS Hierarchy: Organized hierarchically into domains, subdomains, and zones. The hierarchy includes root domains, top-level domains (TLDs), second-level domains (SLDs), and subdomains.

DNS plays a crucial role in the functioning of the Internet by enabling the translation of human-readable domain names into machine-readable IP addresses, facilitating the routing and delivery of data packets between devices and servers. It is essential for accessing websites, sending emails, and performing various online activities.

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